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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils

Published on: November 18, 2022

A Portable Pull-Out Soil Profile Moisture Sensor Based on High-Frequency Capacitance.

Zhentao Sheng^1,2,3,4, Yaoyao Liao^1,2,3,4, Shuo Zhang^1,2,3,4

¹College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|April 28, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new portable sensor accurately measures soil profile moisture using high-frequency capacitance. This low-cost device offers simple, in situ detection for agricultural irrigation needs.

Keywords:

high-frequency capacitance measurement accuracy moisture sensor pull-out soil profile

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Engineering
Soil Science
Sensor Technology

Background:

Soil moisture is critical for efficient agricultural irrigation.
Accurate, real-time soil moisture data is needed for effective water management.
Existing methods can be complex, costly, or lack in situ capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and validate a portable, low-cost sensor for in situ soil profile moisture detection.
To develop a device based on high-frequency capacitance principles.
To enable simple and fast measurement of moisture content at various soil depths.

Main Methods:

A portable pull-out sensor was developed using high-frequency capacitance.
The sensor comprises a moisture-sensing probe and a data processing unit.
An adjustable tie rod allows measurement at different soil layers, with data sent to a smartphone app.

Main Results:

Indoor tests showed a detection height of 130 mm and radius of 96 mm, with a model fitting R² of 0.972.
Verification tests yielded a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.02 m³/m³.
Mean bias error (MBE) was ±0.009 m³/m³, with a maximum error of ±0.039 m³/m³.

Conclusions:

The designed sensor offers a wide detection range and high accuracy for soil moisture measurement.
Its portable and user-friendly design makes it suitable for in situ agricultural applications.
This technology facilitates improved irrigation management through accessible soil moisture data.