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Out-of-Band Fiber-Optic Time and Frequency Transfer Using Asymmetric and Symmetric Opto-Electronic Repeaters.

Thomas Fordell, K Hanhijarvi, A E Wallin

    IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
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    Standard fiber-optic transceivers can be used for time and frequency transfer, but laser wavelength drifts cause instability. A new wavelength-symmetric repeater design significantly reduces timing drift caused by these drifts.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Metrology
    • Fiber Optics

    Background:

    • Fiber-optic communication systems utilize back-to-back transceivers as signal repeaters, offering high gain and cost-effectiveness.
    • Standard telecom transceivers are suitable for various wavelengths but face challenges in time and frequency (TF) transfer due to uncorrelated laser wavelength drifts.
    • These drifts can compromise TF transfer stability and lead to significant time offsets upon device replacement, necessitating recalibration using global navigation satellite services (GNSS).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the feasibility of using standard telecom dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) transceivers for stable TF transfer over extended periods.
    • To propose and validate a novel wavelength-symmetric repeater design to mitigate the impact of laser wavelength drifts.
    • To reduce the need for frequent link recalibrations following transceiver replacements.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized standard telecom DWDM transceivers in a back-to-back configuration for signal repeating.
    • Developed and implemented a wavelength-symmetric repeater architecture.
    • Conducted a proof-of-concept experiment to evaluate the performance of the proposed repeater.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved good TF transfer results using standard DWDM transceivers over multi-year periods.
    • The proposed wavelength-symmetric repeater effectively cancels detrimental effects from wavelength drifts.
    • Demonstrated a reduction in timing drift due to wavelength drift by approximately two orders of magnitude in the test setup.

    Conclusions:

    • Standard DWDM transceivers can be effectively employed for long-term, stable time and frequency transfer.
    • The wavelength-symmetric repeater offers a robust solution to overcome wavelength drift issues in fiber-optic TF transfer.
    • The proposed repeater design simplifies system maintenance and enhances the reliability of fiber-based time dissemination.