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Reduced Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex During Fast Head Rotation in Complete Darkness
Julia Sjögren1, Per-Anders Fransson1, Mitesh Patel2
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Sweden.
Perceptual and Motor Skills
|April 29, 2023
Summary
The human vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) is less effective in darkness, with gain decreasing significantly faster during head movements. This visual impairment may increase fall risk, especially for the elderly.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Ophthalmology
- Vestibular System
Background:
- The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) stabilizes vision during head movements.
- Understanding VOR performance in varying light conditions is crucial for fall prevention, particularly in older adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of visual information on the horizontal VOR.
- To compare VOR performance with and without visual input during high-acceleration head movements.
Main Methods:
- Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) using EyeSeeCam was performed on 23 participants.
- VOR gain was assessed in well-lit and completely dark conditions at 40, 60, and 80 ms time stamps.
- Approximate linear gain was calculated via regression between 0-100 ms.
Main Results:
- VOR gain decreased significantly faster over time in darkness (10% reduction) compared to light (2% reduction).
- A marked VOR gain reduction of 10% occurred at 80 ms in darkness for head velocities >= 150°/s.
- No significant difference in approximate linear gain was found between light and dark conditions.
Conclusions:
- Visual information modulates the high-velocity VOR.
- Reduced VOR in poor lighting may lead to postural imbalance and disorientation, especially in vulnerable populations like the elderly.
