Cardiac Amyloidosis: Current Diagnostic Strategies Using Multimodality Imaging

Amyloidosis is a systemic disorder in which abnormal amyloid proteins deposit in body organs, leading to organ dysfunction and death. Cardiac amyloid deposition, causing a sort of restrictive cardiomyopathy and associated with increased risk of mortality. Most cases of cardiac amyloidosis are of either light chain or transthyretin type. Early and accurate diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis may improve outcomes. However, diagnosis requires systematic approach including electrocardiography and biomarkers when encountered suspicious candidate. Diagnosis by multimodality noninvasive imaging have been substantially studied and established for differentiation from subtypes. Recent advance in the treatment of amyloidosis offers therapeutic monitoring and prognosis.