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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Using Laser Doppler Imaging and Monitoring to Analyze Spinal Cord Microcirculation in Rat
09:28

Using Laser Doppler Imaging and Monitoring to Analyze Spinal Cord Microcirculation in Rat

Published on: May 30, 2018

Direct Observation of Dynamic Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Velocity in the Lumbar Spinal Canal During Deep Respiration

Ryo Yamakuni1, Shinya Seino2, Takeyasu Kakamu3

  • 1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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Deep Abdominal Breathing-induced CSF Flow Imaging with Time-SLIP (DAB Time-SLIP) consistently visualizes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow in healthy individuals. This technique reveals distinct cranial CSF flow during inhalation and caudal flow during exhalation.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology

Background:

  • A modified time-spatial labeling inversion pulse (Time-SLIP) technique, DAB Time-SLIP, previously showed superior contrast for visualizing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow during deep breathing in a single case.
  • Consistency of this enhanced visualization across healthy individuals remained unconfirmed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamics of CSF flow in healthy volunteers using the DAB Time-SLIP technique during deep breathing.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 10 healthy participants (mean age 29.5 years) using 1.5-Tesla Time-SLIP.
  • CSF imaging was performed during shallow and deep abdominal breathing cycles (8s cycle) with a phase shift to capture the entire cycle.
  • CSF flow velocity and displacement were quantified and compared to breath-holding reference images.
Keywords:
cerebrospinal fluiddeep respirationneurofluidtime‐spatial labeling inversion pulsevertebral venous system

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Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Using Laser Doppler Imaging and Monitoring to Analyze Spinal Cord Microcirculation in Rat
09:28

Using Laser Doppler Imaging and Monitoring to Analyze Spinal Cord Microcirculation in Rat

Published on: May 30, 2018

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging for Assessment of Spinal Cord Blood Flow in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury
09:19

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging for Assessment of Spinal Cord Blood Flow in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: May 7, 2015

Main Results:

  • Deep abdominal breathing facilitated visualization of CSF movement across the entire respiratory cycle.
  • Cranial CSF flow was observed during inhalation, and caudal flow during exhalation.
  • The range of CSF movement was significantly greater with DAB Time-SLIP compared to free breathing, decreasing caudally (rS = -0.9479).

Conclusions:

  • DAB Time-SLIP effectively demonstrates directional CSF flow (cranial during inspiration, caudal during expiration) in healthy individuals.
  • The technique provides consistent and superior visualization of dynamic CSF flow during deep breathing.