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Related Concept Videos

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract I: Health History01:28

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract I: Health History

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Physical assessment of the respiratory tract is critical to patient care. It allows healthcare professionals to identify and manage various respiratory conditions. The process involves a combination of subjective and objective data collection.
Subjective Data
Subjective data provides vital information about the patient's health history and symptoms. This data is typically collected through interviews in which patients describe their experiences, symptoms, and concerns.
Health history and...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

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Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
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Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
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Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

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Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:22

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COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
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Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
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OPTN/SRTR 2021 Annual Data Report: Lung.

Maryam Valapour1, Carli J Lehr2, David P Schladt3

  • 1Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.

American Journal of Transplantation : Official Journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
|May 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lung transplant numbers declined during COVID-19, but waitlist additions rose. Despite policy changes, transplant wait times improved, and survival rates remained stable.

Keywords:
End-stage lung diseaseLung Allocation Scorelung transplantorgan allocationrevised Lung Allocation Scoretransplant outcomes

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Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Transplant Surgery

Background:

  • Lung transplant activity has decreased since 2020, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Significant policy changes are occurring in lung allocation, including adaptations to the Lung Allocation Score (LAS) in 2021 and the upcoming Composite Allocation Score (CAS) in 2023.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze recent trends in lung transplantation, including waiting list dynamics, transplant rates, and post-transplant outcomes.
  • To assess the impact of policy changes and the pandemic on lung transplant candidates and recipients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of lung transplant data.
  • Examination of trends in waiting list additions, waitlist mortality, time to transplant, and post-transplant survival rates.

Main Results:

  • Lung transplants declined post-2020, while waiting list additions increased after a 2020 dip.
  • Waitlist mortality saw a slight increase with fewer transplants performed.
  • Time to transplant improved, with 38% of candidates receiving a transplant within 90 days.
  • Post-transplant survival rates remained stable: 85.3% at 1 year, 67% at 3 years, and 54.3% at 5 years.

Conclusions:

  • Lung transplant activity and outcomes have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing policy reforms.
  • Despite challenges, improvements in transplant wait times and stable survival rates offer some positive indicators for lung transplant recipients.