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Brain compartmentalization based on transcriptome analyses and its gene expression in Octopus minor.

Chan-Jun Lee1, Hae-Youn Lee1, Yun-Sang Yu1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.

Brain Structure & Function
|May 3, 2023
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Summary

This study reveals adult neurogenesis in the Octopus minor brain, specifically in the ventral lateral (vL) and posterior sub-ventral lateral (svL) regions. It also identifies potential molecular markers for brain compartmentation, advancing cephalopod neuroscience.

Keywords:
BrainCephalopodsDifferential expressed genes (DEGs)Molecular atlasNeuronal markerOctopus minor

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cephalopod Biology
  • Molecular Genetics

Background:

  • Coleoid cephalopods possess high intelligence and complex brains, divided into supraesophageal mass, subesophageal mass, and optic lobes.
  • While octopus brain structure is known, molecular-level studies remain limited.
  • Understanding cephalopod brain complexity at a molecular level is crucial for comparative neuroscience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To histomorphologically analyze the adult Octopus minor brain structure.
  • To investigate adult neurogenesis in Octopus minor.
  • To identify potential molecular markers for central brain compartmentation in cephalopods.

Main Methods:

  • Histomorphological analysis of the adult Octopus minor brain.
  • Visualization of neuronal and proliferation markers to identify neurogenesis sites.
  • Transcriptome analysis of O. minor brain to identify specific genes (OLFM3, NPY, GnRH, GDF8).

Main Results:

  • Adult neurogenesis was confirmed in the ventral lateral (vL) and posterior sub-ventral lateral (posterior svL) regions of the Octopus minor brain.
  • Transcriptome analysis yielded 1015 specific genes from the O. minor brain.
  • Expression patterns of NPY and GDF8 suggest their potential as molecular markers for central brain compartmentation.

Conclusions:

  • Adult neurogenesis occurs in specific regions of the Octopus minor brain.
  • NPY and GDF8 show promise as molecular markers for delineating central brain compartments.
  • This research contributes foundational data for a molecular atlas of the cephalopod brain.