Brain compartmentalization based on transcriptome analyses and its gene expression in Octopus minor

Coleoid cephalopods have a high intelligence, complex structures, and large brain. The cephalopod brain is divided into supraesophageal mass, subesophageal mass and optic lobe. Although much is known about the structural organization and connections of various lobes of octopus brain, there are few studies on the brain of cephalopod at the molecular level. In this study, we demonstrated the structure of an adult Octopus minor brain by histomorphological analyses. Through visualization of neuronal and proliferation markers, we found that adult neurogenesis occurred in the vL and posterior svL. We also obtained specific 1015 genes by transcriptome of O. minor brain and selected OLFM3, NPY, GnRH, and GDF8 genes. The expression of genes in the central brain showed the possibility of using NPY and GDF8 as molecular marker of compartmentation in the central brain. This study will provide useful information for establishing a molecular atlas of cephalopod brain.