Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 30, 2025
The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors
Published on: May 2, 2021
Responsiveness of the Reaching Performance Scale for Stroke
Sandeep K Subramanian1, Gita Margolese2, Andrea Turolla3
1Departments of Physical Therapy, Physician Assistant Studies and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX.
Objective:
The objective of the study was to estimate the internal and external responsiveness of the Reaching Performance Scale for Stroke (RPSS) in individuals with stroke.
Design:
Retrospective analysis of data from 4 randomized controlled trials.
Setting:
Recruitment locations spanning rehabilitation centers and hospitals in Canada, Italy, Argentina, Peru, and Thailand.
Participants:
Data from 567 participants (acute to chronic stroke; N=567) were available.
Interventions:
All 4 studies involved training using virtual reality for upper limb rehabilitation.
Main Outcome Measures:
RPSS and upper extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA-UE) scores. Responsiveness was quantified for all data and across different stages of stroke. Internal responsiveness of the RPSS was quantified as effect-sizes calculated using post and preintervention change data. External responsiveness was quantified using orthogonal regressions between FMA-UE and RPSS scores. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC) was quantified based on the ability of RPSS scores to detect change above FMA-UE minimal clinically important different values across different stages of stroke.
Results:
The RPSS had high internal responsiveness overall and across the acute or subacute and chronic stages of stroke. For external responsiveness, orthogonal regression analyses indicated that change in FMA-UE scores had positive moderate correlations with both RPSS Close and Far Target scores for all data and across the acute or subacute and chronic stages of stroke (0.6
Conclusions:
In addition to being reliable and valid, the RPSS is also responsive. Along with the FMA-UE, using RPSS scores can help present a more comprehensive picture of motor compensations to characterize poststroke upper limb motor improvement.
