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Drag01:23

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Drag is a resistive force opposing an object’s motion through a fluid, resulting from surface pressure and shear forces. It comprises two components: a perpendicular one from pressure and a tangential one from shear stress. Accurate drag calculations use pressure and wall shear stress distributions, often determined through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) or wind tunnel testing. The drag coefficient, a dimensionless measure, depends on factors like shape, Reynolds number, Mach number,...
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An interesting force in everyday life is the force of drag on an object when it is moving in a fluid. Like friction, the drag force always opposes the motion of an object. Unlike simple friction, the drag force is proportional to some function of the velocity of the object in that fluid. This functionality is complicated and depends upon the shape of the object, its size, its velocity, and the fluid it is in. For most large objects, such as cyclists, cars, and baseballs, that are not moving too...
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Dimensional analysis simplifies complex physical problems and guides experimental investigations, but it does not provide complete solutions. It identifies the dimensionless groups that influence a phenomenon, but experimental data is needed to establish the specific relationships and validate theoretical predictions.
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Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
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Study on Multifunctional Drag-Reducing Suspension Agents.

Tengfei Chen1,2, Zhongcong Zhao3,4, Yanrong Ge5

  • 1Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a novel polymer suspension for enhanced oil recovery, improving viscosity and drag reduction in harsh conditions. The new fluid offers excellent stability, sand-carrying capacity, and minimal reservoir damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Petroleum Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Traditional emulsion drag-reducing agents exhibit poor viscosity and low solid content, leading to high costs.
  • Developing stable, high-performance fluid systems is crucial for efficient oil and gas extraction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a stable polymer dry powder suspension in an oil phase using auxiliary agents.
  • To evaluate the synthesized polymer's properties and the suspension's performance in drag reduction, viscosity, and reservoir compatibility.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized polymer powder using acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AA) with a chain extender.
  • Formulated a stable suspension using a nanosuspension agent, dispersion accelerator, and density regulator.
  • Measured polymer molecular weight, solution viscosity, suspension stability, drag reduction, salt resistance, and formation damage.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a polymer molecular weight of nearly 28 million with an 80:20 AM:AA ratio.
  • The suspension demonstrated good stability for over 6 months with 90% dissolution at 30°C.
  • Exhibited 73% drag reduction, 21 mPa s viscosity in 50% brine, and 7.56% formation damage.

Conclusions:

  • The developed polymer suspension offers superior drag reduction, viscosity, and salt resistance for oilfield applications.
  • The fluid exhibits excellent sand-carrying capacity (10%) and minimal reservoir damage, suitable for fracturing operations.
  • The fracturing fluid allows for rapid viscosity conversion and multiple uses, enhancing operational efficiency.