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Recent Progress in Functional-Nucleic-Acid-Based Fluorescent Fiber-Optic Evanescent Wave Biosensors.

Zheng Wang1, Xinhui Lou1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuan North Road. 105, Beijing 100048, China.

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|May 15, 2023
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Summary

Fiber optic evanescent wave (FOEW) biosensors utilizing functional nucleic acids (FNAs) offer sensitive, specific, and reusable detection of various targets. This review highlights their progress and future potential for onsite environmental and food safety monitoring.

Keywords:
DNAzymesaptamersevanescent wave biosensorsfunctional nucleic acidoptical fiber

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Biosensors for onsite, continuous detection of pollutants and biomarkers are crucial but few meet all desired '2-SAR' (sensitivity, specificity, affordability, automation, rapidity, reusability) requirements.
  • Fiber optic evanescent wave (FOEW) sensors offer a promising portable solution with high sensitivity, low cost, reusability, and stability.
  • Functional nucleic acids (FNAs), including aptamers and DNAzymes, serve as effective recognition elements in FOEW biosensors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advancements in fluorescent FNA-based FOEW biosensors since 1995.
  • To focus on chemical modifications of optical fibers and sensing mechanisms for diverse targets.
  • To discuss challenges and future trends for improved biosensor performance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on fluorescent FNA-based FOEW biosensors.
  • Analysis of chemical modification strategies for optical fibers.
  • Examination of sensing mechanisms for small molecules, metal ions, proteins, nucleic acids, and pathogens.

Main Results:

  • FOEW biosensors with FNAs have been successfully developed for detecting a wide range of targets.
  • Progress in optical fiber modification and FNA integration has enhanced sensor capabilities.
  • The review covers various FNA types and their application in FOEW sensing platforms.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorescent FNA-based FOEW biosensors are versatile tools for onsite and continuous monitoring.
  • Future development should focus on aptamer isolation, reagent-free detection, long-term stability, and high throughput.
  • These advancements will drive the development of next-generation biosensors for environmental and food safety applications.