Applications of Transistor-Based Biochemical Sensors

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Materials Science
• Sensor Technology

Background:

• Transistor-based biochemical sensors enable non-invasive, real-time detection and easy integration with electronic circuits.
• They are crucial for intelligent wearable devices, electronic skins, biological analyses, and intelligent medical detection.
• Field-Effect Transistors (FETs), Organic FETs (OFETs), and Organic Electrochemical Transistors (OECTs) offer unique advantages like sensitivity, flexibility, and signal conversion.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review transistor-based biochemical sensors, focusing on FET, OFET, and OECT types.
• To discuss fabrication processes for transistor components (sources, drains, gates).
• To demonstrate applications in body fluid biomarker detection, electrophysiology signal monitoring, and future development trends.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on transistor-based biochemical sensors.
• Discussion of fabrication techniques for FET, OFET, and OECT devices.
• Analysis of sensor performance for various analytes and physiological signals.

Main Results:

• Transistor sensors, particularly FETs, OFETs, and OECTs, show high sensitivity, specificity, and rapid response.
• Modification with sensitive substances enhances detection capabilities, broadening the range and lowering the limit of detection (LoD).
• These sensors can detect both biochemical markers and electrophysiology indicators like ECG signals and body temperature.

Conclusions:

• Transistor-based biochemical sensors are highly promising for multi-mode intelligent analysis.
• They offer excellent potential for the next generation of intelligent point-of-care testing (iPOCT).
• Continued development will advance their role in personalized and accessible healthcare.