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Dynamical Quantum Phase Transitions of the Schwinger Model: Real-Time Dynamics on IBM Quantum
Domenico Pomarico1,2, Leonardo Cosmai2, Paolo Facchi1,2
1Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 16, 2023
Summary
Quantum simulations of gauge theories, like the Schwinger model, test quantum computer hardware. Noise in quantum gates impacted simulations of dynamical quantum phase transitions on IBM Quantum.
Area of Science:
- Quantum computing
- High energy physics
- Lattice gauge theories
Background:
- Simulating quantum systems is a key application for quantum computers.
- Gauge theories, such as the Schwinger model, are fundamental in high energy physics.
- Real-time dynamics simulations present significant computational challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To implement and test a quantum algorithm for simulating the real-time dynamics of the Schwinger model.
- To investigate the occurrence of a dynamical quantum phase transition in this system.
- To assess the performance and limitations of current quantum hardware (IBM Quantum) for such simulations.
Main Methods:
- Developed a quantum algorithm to approximate the Schwinger model dynamics.
- Utilized a few-qubit system for the simulation.
- Discretized time evolution and Trotter decomposition were employed.
- Experimental results were obtained from runs on IBM Quantum hardware.
Main Results:
- The quantum algorithm successfully simulated the real-time dynamics of the approximated Schwinger model.
- The study observed signatures related to a dynamical quantum phase transition.
- Noise in single- and two-qubit gates significantly impacted simulation accuracy on IBM Quantum.
Conclusions:
- Quantum simulations of gauge theories are feasible but sensitive to hardware noise.
- The performance of quantum algorithms is constrained by gate fidelities and noise.
- Further advancements in quantum error mitigation are crucial for accurate simulations.
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