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Obesity Management in Children and Adolescents

Gunther Wong1, Gitanjali Srivastava1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Vanderbilt Weight Loss Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Thompson Lane, Suite 22200, Nashville, TN 37204, USA.

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
|May 17, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity is a growing global concern, linked to serious health issues and reduced lifespan. Early screening and intensive lifestyle interventions are crucial for effective management in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Pediatric obesity rates are rising globally, posing significant health risks.
  • Childhood obesity is linked to cardiometabolic and psychosocial issues, impacting lifespan.
  • Multifactorial causes include genetics, lifestyle, behavior, and social determinants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the increasing prevalence of pediatric obesity.
  • To emphasize the need for routine screening and early intervention.
  • To outline recommended treatment strategies for childhood obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pediatric obesity trends and impacts.
  • Analysis of American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations.
  • Discussion of screening protocols for Body Mass Index (BMI) and comorbidities.

Main Results:

  • Childhood obesity is associated with increased risk of chronic diseases.
  • Early identification through BMI screening is vital.
  • Comprehensive treatment approaches are necessary.

Conclusions:

  • Intensive Health Behavior and Lifestyle Treatment is recommended by the AAP.
  • Treatment includes lifestyle, behavioral, and mental health components.
  • Pharmacologic and surgical options exist for severe cases.

Keywords:
Adjuvant obesity medicationBariatric surgeryComprehensive obesity careMedical weight lossPediatric obesityWeight management

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