How to Perform a Completely Fluoroless Ablation

Radiation exposure related to electrophysiology catheter ablation procedures carries small but non-negligible stochastic and deterministic effects on health. Lead aprons can also place considerable pressure on the spinal column, resulting in potentially detrimental consequences. Fortunately, however, advancements in tools used for arrhythmia mapping and ablation have made it feasible to reduce or essentially eliminate the need for fluoroscopy, with no impact on the efficacy or safety of such procedures, as demonstrated by several long-term outcome studies. In this review, we describe our stepwise approach to safely and efficiently perform a completely fluoroless ablation.