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Universal orbital angular momentum detection scheme for any vortex beam.

Pujuan Ma, Xin Liu, Qinqin Zhang

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    Summary
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    We developed a universal method to measure orbital angular momentum in any vortex beam, overcoming limitations of previous techniques. This simple protocol uses an angular gradient filter and works for various beam types and wavelengths.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Information Science

    Background:

    • Probing the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of vortex beams is crucial for applications in optical communication, microscopy, and quantum technologies.
    • Current methods for OAM measurement are often limited to specific vortex beam types and coherence states, hindering broader applicability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a universal, concise, and efficient protocol for measuring the orbital angular momentum of any vortex beam.
    • To demonstrate the applicability of the method across diverse vortex beam characteristics, including coherence, spatial modes, wavelengths, and topological charges.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a novel theoretical framework for OAM measurement.
    • Implementation of a simplified experimental setup utilizing a commercially available angular gradient filter.
    • Validation of the proposed method through theoretical analysis and experimental verification.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed method successfully measures OAM for a wide range of vortex beams, including Gaussian vortex, Bessel-Gaussian, and Laguerre-Gaussian beams.
    • The technique is effective for beams with varying degrees of coherence and high topological charges.
    • Experimental results confirm the theoretical predictions, showcasing the method's accuracy and robustness.

    Conclusions:

    • A universal and highly implementable method for probing orbital angular momentum in vortex beams has been established.
    • The angular gradient filter-based protocol offers a significant advancement over existing techniques, enabling versatile OAM characterization.
    • This work paves the way for broader applications of vortex beams in various scientific and technological domains.