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Toward Nonepitaxial Laser Diodes
William B Gunnarsson1, Kwangdong Roh2, Lianfeng Zhao3
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States.
Chemical Reviews
|May 23, 2023
Summary
Researchers are developing new nonepitaxial laser diodes using organic, quantum dot, and perovskite materials. Overcoming challenges in electrical injection and heat dissipation is key for achieving reliable diode lasers.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Optoelectronics
- Semiconductor Physics
Background:
- Thin-film organic, colloidal quantum dot (CQD), and metal halide perovskite semiconductors are explored for wavelength-tunable diode lasers.
- These materials offer alternatives to traditional epitaxial growth methods for semiconductor lasers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the historical development and recent advances in nonepitaxial laser diode technologies.
- To identify common challenges and unique gain physics for organic, CQD, and perovskite laser systems.
- To assess the progress towards reliable electrical injection lasing in these emerging laser diode platforms.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical development and recent advances in organic, CQD, and perovskite laser diodes.
- Analysis of common challenges: resonator design, electrical injection, and heat dissipation.
- Discussion of unique optical gain physics for each material system.
Main Results:
- Each material system shows promise with efficient light-emitting diodes and low-threshold optically pumped lasing.
- Fundamental and practical barriers remain for achieving reliable injection lasing.
- Specific challenges identified: new materials/pumping for organic/CQD, device architecture/film processing for perovskites.
Conclusions:
- Organic and CQD laser diodes may require new materials or indirect pumping schemes.
- Perovskite laser diodes necessitate improvements in device architecture and film processing.
- Quantifiable metrics are needed to assess progress towards electrical lasing thresholds, with optimism for future nonepitaxial laser diodes.
