Catechol-chitosan/carboxymethylated cotton-based Janus hemostatic patch for rapid hemostasis in coagulopathy

Uncontrolled bleeding is the leading cause of death, and the death risk of bleeding from coagulopathy is even higher. By infusing the relevant coagulation factors, bleeding in patients with coagulopathy can be clinically treated. However, there are not many emergency hemostatic products accessible for coagulopathy patients. In response, a Janus hemostatic patch (PCMC/CCS) with a two-layer structure of partly carboxymethylated cotton (PCMC) and catechol-grafted chitosan (CCS) was developed. Ultra-high blood absorption (4000 %) and excellent tissue adhesion (60 kPa) were both displayed by PCMC/CCS. The proteomic analysis revealed that PCMC/CCS has significantly contributed to the creative generation of FV, FIX, and FX, as well as to the substantial enrichment of FVII and FXIII, re-paving the initially blocked coagulation pathway of coagulopathy to promote hemostasis. The in vivo bleeding model of coagulopathy demonstrated that PCMC/CCS was substantially more effective than gauze and commercial gelatin sponge at achieving hemostasis in just 1 min. The study provides one of the first investigations on procoagulant mechanisms in anticoagulant blood conditions. Rapid hemostasis in coagulopathy will be significantly affected by the results of this experiment.