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Droplet-based luminescent sensor supported onto hydrophobic cellulose substrate for assessing fish freshness
Nerea Villarino1, Isela Lavilla1, Francisco Pena-Pereira1
1Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Analítica e alimentaria, Grupo QA2, Edificio CC Experimentais, Campus de Vigo, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
Abstract:
In this work, two sensitive droplet-based luminescent assays with smartphone readout for the determination of trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) are reported. Both assays exploit the luminescence quenching of copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) produced when exposed to volatile nitrogen bases. In addition, hydrophobic-based cellulose substrates demonstrated their suitability as holders for both in-drop volatile enrichment and subsequent smartphone-based digitization of the enriched colloidal solution of CuNCs. Under optimal conditions, enrichment factors of 181 and 153 were obtained with the reported assays for TMA-N and TVB-N, respectively, leading to methodological LODs of 0.11 mg/100 g and 0.27 mg/100 g for TMA-N and TVB-N, respectively. The repeatability, expressed as RSD, was 5.2% and 5.6% for TMA-N and TVB-N, respectively (N = 8). The reported luminescent assays were successfully applied to the analysis of fish samples, showing statistically comparable results to those obtained with the reference methods of analysis.
