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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Manipulation and In Vitro Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes, Followed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, to Study Embryonic Development
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Manipulation and In Vitro Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes, Followed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, to Study Embryonic Development

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MICROINJECTION OF TOAD SPERM INTO OOCYTES UNDERGOING MATURATION DIVISION.

M Moriya1, C H Katagiri1

  • 1Zoological Institute, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060, Japan.

Development, Growth & Differentiation
|June 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sperm injected into mature frog eggs develop into pronuclei and synthesize DNA. Sperm injected into immature oocytes show varied responses depending on the stage, revealing cytoplasmic regulation of nuclear behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Sperm-nucleus transformation is crucial for fertilization.
  • Oocyte maturation involves complex cytoplasmic changes.
  • Understanding sperm-oocyte interactions is key to reproductive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sperm behavior within oocytes at different maturation stages.
  • To elucidate the role of oocyte cytoplasm in regulating sperm nucleus transformation.
  • To establish a method for studying cytoplasmic influences on nuclear events.

Main Methods:

  • Detergent treatment of Bufo bufo japonicus spermatozoa to remove the plasma membrane.
  • Microinjection of treated spermatozoa into oocytes at various meiotic stages.
  • Observation of sperm nucleus behavior, chromosome formation, and DNA synthesis.
  • Induction of maturation in oocytes using progesterone.

Main Results:

  • Injected sperm transformed into pronuclei and synthesized DNA in mature oocytes.
  • Sperm remained unchanged in oocytes with intact germinal vesicles (GV).
  • Sperm exhibited stage-specific nuclear changes (chromosome formation, vesicular nuclei, condensed chromosomes) in synchrony with oocyte maturation, demonstrating cytoplasmic influence.

Conclusions:

  • Oocyte cytoplasm regulates sperm nucleus behavior during maturation.
  • Detergent-treated sperm injection is a viable method to study cytoplasmic control of nuclear events.
  • The study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms governing sperm activation and nuclear reprogramming.