Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients01:14

Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients

2.6K
The distribution law or Nernst's distribution law is the law that governs the distribution of a solute between two immiscible solvents. This law, also known as the partition law, states that if a solute is added to the mixture of two immiscible solvents at a constant temperature, the solute is distributed between the two solvents in such a way that the ratio of solute concentrations in the solvents remains constant at equilibrium.
For extracting a solute from an aqueous phase into an...
2.6K
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

42.6K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
42.6K
The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

40.3K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
40.3K
Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

497
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
497
Ampere-Maxwell's Law: Problem-Solving01:17

Ampere-Maxwell's Law: Problem-Solving

680
A parallel-plate capacitor with capacitance C, whose plates have area A and separation distance d, is connected to a resistor R and a battery of voltage V. The current starts to flow at t = 0. What is the displacement current between the capacitor plates at time t? From the properties of the capacitor, what is the corresponding real current?
To solve the problem, we can use the equations from the analysis of an RC circuit and Maxwell's version of Ampère's law.
For the first part of...
680
Quantifying Work02:30

Quantifying Work

19.8K
As a system undergoes a change, its internal energy can change, and energy can be transferred from the system to the surroundings, or from the surroundings to the system. 
19.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Precision bounds for multiple currents in open quantum systems.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Anomalous Discharging of Quantum Batteries: The Ergotropic Mpemba Effect.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Trade-offs between precision and fluctuations in charging finite-dimensional quantum batteries.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Generation of Pseudo-Random Quantum States on Actual Quantum Processors.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Lossy Micromaser Battery: Almost Pure States in the Jaynes-Cummings Regime.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Entanglement Dynamics and Classical Complexity.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

14.6K

Work Extraction from Unknown Quantum Sources.

Dominik Šafránek1, Dario Rosa1,2, Felix C Binder3

  • 1Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon - 34126, Korea.

Physical Review Letters
|June 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new measure of ergotropy for unknown quantum states, enabling realistic work extraction assessment from quantum batteries without full state knowledge. It simplifies characterization using coarse-grained measurements.

More Related Videos

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
05:30

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

608
Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

14.6K
Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
05:30

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

608
Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Thermodynamics
  • Quantum Information Theory
  • Experimental Quantum Physics

Background:

  • Ergotropy quantifies extractable work from quantum states under cyclic Hamiltonian control.
  • Full ergotropy extraction demands precise knowledge of the initial quantum state.
  • Quantum tomography for unknown states is experimentally challenging due to high measurement costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a new, realistic measure of ergotropy for unknown quantum states.
  • To enable work value characterization of quantum sources without full state information.
  • To establish a practical figure of merit for quantum batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of a novel ergotropy definition for sources with unknown states.
  • Application of coarse-grained measurements to gain partial state information.
  • Analysis of extracted work based on observational and Boltzmann entropy.

Main Results:

  • A new ergotropy notion is defined for situations with limited prior knowledge of quantum states.
  • Extracted work is linked to Boltzmann and observational entropy depending on measurement outcome usage.
  • The proposed ergotropy offers a practical measure for quantum battery performance.

Conclusions:

  • The new ergotropy measure provides a realistic assessment of extractable work from quantum sources.
  • This approach overcomes the limitations of traditional ergotropy for unknown quantum states.
  • It serves as a valuable figure of merit for characterizing quantum batteries in realistic scenarios.