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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

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Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

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Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
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Hypertension V: Nursing Management01:23

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The nursing management of hypertension involves accurately assessing symptoms, making a comprehensive nursing diagnosis, collaborating with patients to set goals, and implementing targeted interventions to mitigate the condition's impact and improve patient well-being.Comprehensive AssessmentThe initial step in nursing care for hypertension involves a thorough patient assessment. It includes evaluating symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and previous hypertension episodes.
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Hepatic Portal System01:21

Hepatic Portal System

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The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
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Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

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Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
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Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Laparoscopic Splenectomy with Pericardial Devascularization for Hypersplenism and Esophageal Variceal Hemorrhage Due to Portal Hypertension
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Laparoscopic Splenectomy with Pericardial Devascularization for Hypersplenism and Esophageal Variceal Hemorrhage Due to Portal Hypertension

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Segmental portal hypertension.

M S Madsen, T H Petersen, H Sommer

    Annals of Surgery
    |July 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Isolated splenic vein obstruction causes rare portal hypertension, often due to pancreatitis. Early diagnosis is key for treatment with splenectomy, especially in patients with gastric varices and no liver disease.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Vascular Surgery
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Isolated splenic vein obstruction causes segmental portal hypertension, a rare form of extrahepatic portal hypertension.
    • This condition, though uncommon, is treatable with splenectomy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the English literature on isolated splenic vein obstruction.
    • To highlight diagnostic challenges and clinical features of this condition.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic review of English literature.
    • Analysis of 209 reported cases of isolated splenic vein obstruction.

    Main Results:

    • Pancreatitis (65%) and pancreatic neoplasms (18%) were the leading causes.
    • Gastroesophageal varices, particularly isolated gastric varices, occurred in 72% of patients.
    • Splenomegaly was present in 71% of patients.
    • Correct diagnosis was made in only 49% of cases during the first bleeding episode.

    Conclusions:

    • Suspect isolated splenic vein obstruction in patients with gastroesophageal varices, especially isolated gastric varices, without signs of liver disease.
    • Portography is crucial for confirming the diagnosis.
    • Prompt diagnosis and treatment, such as splenectomy, can be curative.