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Peptide-derived Method to Transport Genes and Proteins Across Cellular and Organellar Barriers in Plants
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Phytosome Supplements for Delivering

Onanong Nuchuchua1, Ratchanon Inpan2, Wanwisa Srinuanchai1

  • 1National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gymnema inodorum (GI) phytosomes enhance anti-inflammatory effects by improving phytonutrient delivery. However, the phytosome formulation slightly reduced anti-insulin resistance in this study.

Keywords:
Gymnema inodorum extractadipocytesanti-inflammationanti-insulin resistancemacrophagesphytonutrient deliveryphytosome

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Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Nanotechnology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Gymnema inodorum (GI) is a Thai leafy green with potential for metabolic diabetic control.
  • The nonpolar nature of GI's active compounds limits their bioavailability.
  • Phytosome technology offers a novel approach to enhance phytonutrient delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop phytosome formulations of GI leaf extract.
  • To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin-resistant activities of GI phytosomes.
  • To assess the impact of phytosome encapsulation on GI phytonutrient bioavailability.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of GI extract into phytosomes (160-180 nm nanoparticles).
  • Characterization of phytosome structure, surface charge, and phytonutrient encapsulation.
  • In vitro assessment of anti-inflammatory activity (nitric oxide production in macrophages) and anti-insulin resistance (glucose uptake and lipid degradation in adipocytes).

Main Results:

  • Phytosomes successfully dispersed GI extract in aqueous solution, forming spherical nanoparticles.
  • GI phytocompounds were embedded within the phospholipid bilayer, altering surface charge to -35 to -45 mV.
  • Phytosomes significantly enhanced the anti-inflammatory activity of GI extract but slightly diminished its anti-insulin-resistant effects.

Conclusions:

  • Nano-phytosome formulation is a promising carrier for GI phytochemicals, particularly for anti-inflammatory applications.
  • The phospholipid component may modulate the anti-insulin-resistant effects of GI extract.
  • Further research is needed to optimize phytosome formulations for comprehensive T2DM prevention.