Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Hospitalizations in Non-elderly Patients with Pneumonia: a Population-Based Study

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pulmonology
• Health Services Research

Background:

• Pneumonia is a significant cause of hospitalization, and its association with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in non-elderly adults requires further investigation.
• Understanding risk factors for AMI in pneumonia patients is crucial for targeted interventions and improved patient outcomes.
• The utilization and impact of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for AMI in this specific patient population remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify factors increasing the likelihood of AMI in hospitalized adult non-elderly patients with pneumonia compared to other medical inpatients.
• To determine the utilization rate of PCI for AMI in pneumonia inpatients.
• To assess the impact of PCI on hospitalization stay and cost in this cohort.

Main Methods:

• A population-based study utilized the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for 2019.
• Included adult non-elderly inpatients (18-65 years) with pneumonia as a co-diagnosis.
• Logistic regression analysis identified predictors of AMI in pneumonia patients.

Main Results:

• Increasing age (51-65 years) significantly elevated AMI likelihood (OR 2.95).
• Comorbidities like complicated hypertension (OR 2.84), diabetes with complications (OR 1.27), and drug abuse (OR 1.27) were associated with higher AMI risk.
• Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) utilization was 14.37% for AMI in pneumonia inpatients, associated with reduced in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions:

• Adult non-elderly inpatients with pneumonia, particularly those with hypertension and diabetes, have an increased likelihood of AMI.
• Early risk stratification for AMI is recommended for pneumonia patients with identified comorbidities.
• Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with improved survival outcomes in AMI patients with pneumonia.