Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error00:59

Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error

740
An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
740
Random and Systematic Errors01:20

Random and Systematic Errors

11.2K
Scientists always try their best to record measurements with the utmost accuracy and precision. However, sometimes errors do occur. These errors can be random or systematic. Random errors are observed due to the inconsistency or fluctuation in the measurement process, or variations in the quantity itself that is being measured. Such errors fluctuate from being greater than or less than the true value in repeated measurements. Consider a scientist measuring the length of an earthworm using a...
11.2K
Random Error01:04

Random Error

937
Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
937
Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error01:10

Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error

565
The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
565
Probability Laws01:49

Probability Laws

41.1K
Overview
41.1K
Random Variables01:09

Random Variables

12.4K
A random variable is a single numerical value that indicates the outcome of a procedure. The concept of random variables is fundamental to the probability theory and was introduced by a Russian mathematician, Pafnuty Chebyshev, in the mid-nineteenth century.
Uppercase letters such as X or Y denote a random variable. Lowercase letters like x or y denote the value of a random variable. If X is a random variable, then X is written in words, and x is given as a number.
For example, let X = the...
12.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tailorable Topological Multimode Nanolaser with Mutually Incoherent Modes.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Nontrivial beam modulation with polarization gratings.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2025
Same author

Cross-spectral purity-a fundamental property of light: tutorial.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2025
Same author

Cross-spectral purity: a generalization of spatiotemporal separability.

Optics letters·2025
Same author

Determination of mode strengths in channel waveguide from the complex electric field.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

Nonstationary optics: tutorial.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2024
Same journal

Gaussian-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution over 60 km fiber using an integrated silicon photonic receiver.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

E2E-OCT: end-to-end joint learning model using optical coherence tomography images for vocal cord leukoplakia diagnosis.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Holographic generation of panoramic 3D scenes by concave ellipsoidal mirror reflection.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Dual-pilot phase recovery with pair-wise maximum-ratio combining for coherent PONs.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Mapping the whispering gallery modes of a CaF<sub>2</sub> disk resonator with half-tapered fibers to estimate the fundamental mode volume.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Quantitative estimation of deep-subwavelength scale via dark-field scattering axial energy concentration decay profiles.

Optics letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology
13:44

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology

Published on: March 11, 2015

9.6K

Randomness, determinism, and ignorance in coherence.

Matias Koivurova

    Optics Letters
    |June 15, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study explores how randomness and determinism affect light coherence. Researchers demonstrate that deterministic fields can achieve low coherence, challenging previous assumptions about random fields.

    More Related Videos

    Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
    13:04

    Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

    Published on: September 19, 2012

    12.1K
    Author Spotlight: Unlocking New Insights in fNIRS Studies - A Novel Framework for Inter-Brain Synchrony Analysis
    05:59

    Author Spotlight: Unlocking New Insights in fNIRS Studies - A Novel Framework for Inter-Brain Synchrony Analysis

    Published on: October 6, 2023

    2.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 26, 2025

    Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology
    13:44

    Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology

    Published on: March 11, 2015

    9.6K
    Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
    13:04

    Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

    Published on: September 19, 2012

    12.1K
    Author Spotlight: Unlocking New Insights in fNIRS Studies - A Novel Framework for Inter-Brain Synchrony Analysis
    05:59

    Author Spotlight: Unlocking New Insights in fNIRS Studies - A Novel Framework for Inter-Brain Synchrony Analysis

    Published on: October 6, 2023

    2.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Classical Electrodynamics

    Background:

    • Coherence properties of light are typically associated with random fields.
    • Deterministic fields are generally assumed to possess high coherence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the influence of deterministic parameters on light coherence.
    • To demonstrate the possibility of generating deterministic fields with low coherence.
    • To explore an interpretation of coherence as a measure of 'ignorance'.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of random and deterministic light fields.
    • Mathematical modeling of coherence properties.
    • Simulations using a toy model laser system.

    Main Results:

    • Deterministic fields can exhibit arbitrarily low degrees of coherence.
    • Coherence properties are not exclusively determined by randomness.
    • Constant (non-random) fields were analyzed.

    Conclusions:

    • Determinism can lead to low coherence in optical fields.
    • The concept of 'ignorance' provides a novel perspective on coherence.
    • Findings challenge conventional understanding of light coherence.