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Fractures: Bone Repair

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling

Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling

Published on: January 5, 2015

Adjunct fixation in upper extremity long bone fracture plating.

Gregory M Georgiadis¹, Omar Khan², Roberta E Redfern³

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Orthopaedic Trauma, ProMedica Toledo Hospital, 2121 Hughes Drive, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA. gregory.georgiadismd@promedica.org.

European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology : Orthopedie Traumatologie

|June 17, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Adjunct fixation methods, commonly mini-fragment screws, enhance upper extremity fracture healing. This study found high union rates for humeral and forearm fractures treated with supplemental fixation, minimizing complications.

Keywords:

Adjunct fixation Humeral fracture Mini-fragment plate Radial fracture Ulnar fracture

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Published on: May 20, 2019

Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Trauma surgery
Biomedical engineering

Background:

Plate and screw fixation is standard for upper extremity fractures.
Adjunct fixation methods offer supplemental stability.
Limited clinical data exists on these techniques in the upper extremity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review clinical outcomes of upper extremity fractures treated with primary plating and adjunct fixation.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of various supplemental fixation techniques.
To identify common adjunct fixation strategies in this patient population.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 12-year surgical data.
Inclusion of humeral, radial, and ulnar fractures treated with plate fixation.
Analysis of union rates, complication rates, and implant removal.

Main Results:

Humeral shaft fractures (n=39) achieved 100% union with adjunct fixation in 97% of cases.
Forearm fractures (n=48) demonstrated a 98% initial union rate with supplemental fixation used in 79% of cases.
Mini-fragment fixation (≤2.7 mm) was the predominant adjunct method.

Conclusions:

Adjunct fixation is a valuable strategy for upper extremity long bone fractures.
High union rates and manageable complication profiles support the use of supplemental fixation.
Mini-fragment constructs represent the most frequent approach for adjunctive fixation in this anatomical region.