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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

442
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
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Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

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Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
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Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

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E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
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Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
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Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

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Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Introduction to Learning01:18

Introduction to Learning

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Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
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Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
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Perceptual learning: Training together makes us better.

Luke Rosedahl1, Takeo Watanabe1

  • 1Department of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

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|June 20, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Partner learning enhances perceptual learning, suggesting higher cognitive functions are crucial. This challenges the view that only low-level visual areas drive perceptual skill improvement.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Perceptual learning is traditionally linked to low-level visual cortex activity.
  • The extent of higher cognitive involvement remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of social interaction in perceptual learning.
  • To determine if collaborative learning enhances visual skill acquisition.

Main Methods:

  • Participants engaged in a perceptual learning task.
  • Performance was compared between individuals learning alone and those learning with a partner.

Main Results:

  • Collaborative learning significantly improved perceptual learning outcomes.
  • Enhanced performance suggests the involvement of higher-order cognitive processes.

Conclusions:

  • Social interaction, involving higher cognitive functions, plays a significant role in perceptual learning.
  • This finding expands the understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying perceptual skill development.