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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Eukaryotic cells possess two target of rapamycin (TOR) complexes, TORC1 and TORC2, crucial for sensing nutrients and stress.
  • TORC1 and TORC2 differ in composition, localization, and function, regulating cell growth and homeostasis.
  • TORC1 is involved in biosynthesis and autophagy suppression, while TORC2 maintains plasma membrane integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current knowledge on TORC2 assembly, structure, localization, function, and regulation.
  • To highlight findings primarily from studies in *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on TORC2.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on yeast models.

Main Results:

  • TORC2 is primarily located at the plasma membrane.
  • TORC2 maintains plasma membrane composition and distribution.
  • TORC2 is essential for membrane expansion during cell growth and division and for resisting membrane damage.

Conclusions:

  • TORC2 plays a vital role in maintaining plasma membrane homeostasis and cell integrity.
  • Further research, particularly in yeast models, has significantly advanced our understanding of TORC2.