Comprehensive immunoprofiling and systematic adjuvant comparisons for identifying suitable vaccine: Adjuvant pairings

Area of Science:

• Vaccinology
• Immunology
• Computational Biology

Background:

• Adjuvants enhance vaccine efficacy but only a few are approved for human use.
• Limited mechanistic understanding and slow progression hinder novel adjuvant development.
• Standard immunological methods offer modest insights into adjuvant mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To discuss current adjuvant research and strategies for assessing adjuvant candidates.
• To propose systematic immunoprofiling and computational modeling for adjuvant evaluation.
• To facilitate the selection of optimal adjuvants for vaccine development.

Main Methods:

• Discussing current adjuvant research and assessment strategies.
• Proposing systematic broad immunoprofiling.
• Integrating data using computational and mathematical modeling.

Main Results:

• Adjuvant research faces challenges in preclinical to clinical translation.
• Comprehensive host immune response evaluation is proposed.
• Systematic immunoprofiling can identify adjuvants that increase efficacy and minimize reactogenicity.

Conclusions:

• A systematic approach combining immunoprofiling and computational modeling is needed.
• This approach will facilitate the selection of appropriate adjuvants.
• This will expedite the evaluation of novel adjuvants, crucial for emerging infectious diseases and pandemics.