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Related Concept Videos

Carbon Skeletons01:12

Carbon Skeletons

Life on Earth is carbon-based, as all macromolecules that make up living organisms contain carbon atoms. All organic compounds have a carbon backbone. Each carbon atom is tetravalent and can bond with four other atoms, making it an extraordinarily flexible component of biological molecules. Because carbon’s valence electrons are stable, it rarely becomes an ion. As the carbon chain increases in length, structural modifications such as ring structures, double bonds, and branching side chains...
Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

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Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

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Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
Sugars as Energy Storage Molecules01:10

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Sugar (a simple carbohydrate) metabolism (chemical reactions) is a classic example of the many cellular processes that use and produce energy. Living things consume sugar as a major energy source because sugar molecules have considerable energy stored within their bonds. Consumed carbohydrates have their origins in photosynthesizing organisms like plants. During photosynthesis, plants use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide gas into sugar molecules, like glucose. Because this...
Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

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Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
Sugars as Energy Storage Molecules01:10

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Sugar (a simple carbohydrate) metabolism (chemical reactions) is a classic example of the many cellular processes that use and produce energy. Living things consume sugar as a major energy source because sugar molecules have considerable energy stored within their bonds. Consumed carbohydrates have their origins in photosynthesizing organisms like plants. During photosynthesis, plants use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide gas into sugar molecules, like glucose. Because this...

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Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging
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Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Marine Polysaccharides: Types, Synthesis, and Applications.

Fernando G Torres1, Karen N Gonzales1, Omar P Troncoso1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, Peru.

Marine Drugs
|June 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Marine polysaccharides are versatile precursors for synthesizing carbon quantum dots (CQDs). These naturally doped CQDs offer eco-friendly synthesis and diverse applications in biomedicine and beyond.

Keywords:
bioimagingbiosensingcarbon quantum dotsdrug deliverymarine polysaccharides

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Marine Biology

Background:

  • Marine environments provide abundant polysaccharides like alginate and chitin.
  • These polysaccharides are rich in carbon and heteroatoms (N, S, O).
  • Marine polysaccharides serve as ideal precursors for synthesizing carbon quantum dots (CQDs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review synthesis methods for CQDs derived from marine polysaccharides.
  • To highlight the advantages of marine polysaccharides as CQD precursors.
  • To explore the properties and applications of marine-derived CQDs.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of synthesis methods based on polysaccharide origin (algae, crustaceans, fish).
  • Discussion of techniques for synthesizing CQDs from various marine polysaccharides.
  • Analysis of methods to tune CQD properties through precursor selection.

Main Results:

  • Marine polysaccharides enable green synthesis of CQDs with natural heteroatom doping.
  • CQDs synthesized exhibit tunable optical properties like high fluorescence and quantum yield.
  • Properties can be adjusted by using multi-heteroatom marine precursors.

Conclusions:

  • Marine polysaccharides are sustainable precursors for advanced nanomaterials.
  • Marine-derived CQDs possess biocompatibility and low toxicity for diverse applications.
  • This review provides insights for developing novel nanomaterials from marine resources.