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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Information Science
    • Quantum Cryptography

    Background:

    • Twin-field quantum key distribution (QKD) overcomes linear key rate constraints but requires complex phase-locking.
    • Asynchronous measurement-device-independent (AMDI) QKD offers similar performance with relaxed technical demands.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel AMDI-QKD protocol utilizing a nonclassical light source.
    • To enhance the key rate and robustness of AMDI-QKD systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Replacing phase-randomized weak coherent states with phase-randomized coherent-state superpositions.
    • Employing a nonclassical light source within the AMDI-QKD framework.
    • Conducting simulations to evaluate protocol performance.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed hybrid source AMDI-QKD protocol significantly increases the key rate.
    • The protocol demonstrates robustness against imperfect modulation of nonclassical light sources.
    • Achieved performance comparable to twin-field QKD with reduced technical complexity.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel AMDI-QKD protocol effectively enhances key generation rates.
    • Nonclassical light sources can be beneficially integrated into AMDI-QKD systems.
    • This approach offers a practical advancement for secure quantum communication.