SnO_2-xN_x based tpod nanostructure for SARS-CoV2 spike protein detection

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Materials Science

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has necessitated rapid diagnostic advancements.
• The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) is crucial for viral entry and detection strategies.
• ACE I/D polymorphism has been linked to COVID-19 susceptibility, particularly in older males with diabetes and hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize a novel nanostructure for efficient binding to ACE1 and ACE2.
• To utilize this nanostructure as a probe for detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S1).
• To establish a sensitive and reliable detection method for SARS-CoV-2.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of unique SnO_2-xN_x tpod nanostructures.
• Characterization of nanostructure attachment to ACE1 and ACE2 using varying ratios.
• Analysis of nanostructure-analyte interactions via μ-Raman spectroscopy.

Main Results:

• The SnO_2-xN_x tpod nanostructure demonstrated efficient attachment to both ACE1 and ACE2.
• Distinct Raman signals from the nanostructure were used as a detection probe for SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein.
• A linear response was observed for the tpod Raman signal at 630.4 cm^-1 (R² = 0.9705) and 1219.13 cm^-1 (R² = 0.9865).
• A limit of detection of 35 nM was calculated.

Conclusions:

• The developed SnO_2-xN_x tpod nanostructure shows significant potential as a biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection.
• The Raman spectroscopy-based detection method offers a sensitive and specific approach.
• This technology could contribute to improved point-of-care diagnostics for COVID-19.