Annular neutrophilic dermatoses.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Immunology

Background:

• Neutrophilic dermatoses (NDs) are a class of diseases defined by sterile neutrophilic infiltrations.
• Common presentations include erythematous plaques, nodules, urticarial plaques, or pustules, but atypical and annular lesions can occur, posing diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To discuss the diagnosis and management of neutrophilic dermatoses (NDs).
• To specifically address NDs that may present with annular lesions, highlighting diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.

Main Methods:

• Review of clinical features and histopathologic findings for distinguishing NDs.
• Discussion of associations between NDs and infections, inflammatory diseases, or malignancies.
• Overview of therapeutic strategies for NDs.

Main Results:

• Distinguishing NDs relies on clinical presentation, histopathology (neutrophil localization, absence of vasculitis), and associated conditions.
• Standard treatments include systemic steroids and dapsone.
• Other effective therapies include colchicine, antimicrobials, immunosuppressants, TNF-α inhibitors, JAK inhibitors, anakinra, and IVIg for resistant cases.

Conclusions:

• Accurate diagnosis of NDs, especially those with annular lesions, is crucial.
• A range of treatments, from conventional to targeted therapies, are available for managing NDs.
• Understanding the diverse presentations and treatment efficacies is key for optimal patient outcomes.