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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Can Bariatric Surgery Help to Prevent Autoimmunity?

Ana Paula Beckhauser1, Renato Nisihara2, Alessandro F Tonial1

  • 1Medical Research Institute, Evangelical Mackenzie University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.

Archives of Medical Research
|July 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Obesity is linked to autoimmune diseases. Bariatric surgery in obese patients significantly reduced antinuclear antibodies (ANA), suggesting weight loss may impact autoimmune markers.

Keywords:
Antinuclear antibodiesAutoantibodiesAutoimmune diseasesBariatric surgeryRheumatoid FactorVitamin D levels

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Obesity is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor in the development and progression of autoimmune diseases.
  • Understanding the immunological changes associated with obesity and weight loss is crucial for managing related health conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of specific autoantibodies in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
  • To assess the impact of bariatric surgery and subsequent weight loss on autoantibody levels.

Main Methods:

  • Sera from 79 bariatric surgery patients were analyzed pre- and postoperatively for antinuclear antibodies (ANA), Rheumatoid Factor (RF), anticardiolipin antibodies, and anti-endomysial antibodies.
  • ANA-positive sera underwent further testing for anti-dsDNA and ENA profiles. Clinical and anthropometric data were collected via chart review.

Main Results:

  • Preoperative ANA positivity was observed in 29.1% of patients, decreasing significantly to 10.1% postoperatively (p=0.002).
  • The fine-speckled ANA pattern was most common. ANA-positive patients had lower preoperative vitamin D levels (p=0.002).
  • RF positivity showed a non-significant trend towards decrease postoperatively. Other tested antibodies were largely negative.

Conclusions:

  • Antinuclear antibodies are common in obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery.
  • Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss is associated with a significant reduction in ANA prevalence, indicating a potential role for weight management in modulating autoimmune markers.