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Dual-process theories offer solutions but neglect motivation's role in deliberation. This study proposes adding a meta-cognitive control component to moderate deliberation and its threshold.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision-Making Science

Background:

  • Dual-process theories explain reasoning but face theoretical challenges.
  • Existing models inadequately address the motivational aspects of deliberation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an enhancement to dual-process theories by incorporating motivational factors.
  • To introduce a meta-cognitive control component to refine the understanding of deliberation.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of existing dual-process models.
  • Conceptual development of a meta-cognitive control mechanism.

Main Results:

  • De Neys's proposed solution, while elegant, requires further development.
  • The role of motivation in initiating, intensifying, and ceasing deliberation is underspecified.

Conclusions:

  • A meta-cognitive control component is essential for a comprehensive working model of dual-process theories.
  • This component can moderate deliberation by influencing factors like the deliberation threshold.