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Highly Stable MWCNT@NVP Composite as a Cathode Material for Na-Ion Batteries
Supriya Kadam1, Ranjit Kate1, Ujjwala Chothe1
1Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET), Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Panchavati, Pune 411008, India.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 18, 2023
Summary
Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) enhanced Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathodes significantly improve sodium-ion battery performance. The MWCNT@NVP composite exhibits superior capacity, stability, and cycling life compared to pristine NVP.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries.
- Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) is a leading cathode material for SIBs due to its high voltage and stability.
- Enhancing the electrochemical performance of NVP is crucial for practical SIB applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the electrochemical properties of Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) as a cathode material for SIBs.
- To compare the performance of pristine NVP with MWCNT@NVP composites synthesized via a solid-state method.
- To evaluate the rate capability, cycling stability, and Coulombic efficiency of the developed cathode materials.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of pristine NVP and MWCNT@NVP composite using a facile solid-state method.
- Morphological characterization to confirm MWCNT distribution.
- Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to analyze Na+ ion diffusion.
- Galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling to assess specific capacity, rate performance, and cycling stability.
- Fabrication and testing of a sodium-ion full cell with hard carbon anode.
Main Results:
- MWCNT@NVP composite showed uniform MWCNT distribution and enhanced Na+ ion diffusion compared to pristine NVP.
- MWCNT@NVP delivered a specific discharge capacity of 110 mAhg-1 at 0.1C, with stable performance at higher rates.
- Pristine NVP exhibited capacity loss at higher current rates, while MWCNT@NVP showed only 1% capacity fading after 2000 cycles at 10C.
- MWCNT@NVP achieved an excellent Coulombic efficiency of 97% and a reversible capacity of 94 mAhg-1 after 2000 cycles at 10C.
- A full cell utilizing MWCNT@NVP demonstrated a reversible capacity of 103 mAhg-1 at C/20.
Conclusions:
- The incorporation of MWCNTs significantly enhances the electrochemical performance of NVP as a cathode material for SIBs.
- The MWCNT@NVP composite offers improved rate capability, cycling stability, and capacity retention.
- MWCNT@NVP is a highly promising cathode material for advanced sodium-ion energy storage applications.
