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Spatially controlled construction of assembloids using bioprinting.

Julien G Roth1,2,3, Lucia G Brunel4, Michelle S Huang4

  • 1Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Nature Communications
|July 19, 2023
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Summary

Researchers developed a novel Spatially Patterned Organoid Transfer (SPOT) platform using magnetic nanoparticles and a 3D printer. This biofabrication technique precisely positions organoids for creating complex tissue assembloids, advancing regenerative medicine.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Achieving precise control over cell-cell interactions is crucial for biofabricating functional three-dimensional (3D) tissues that mimic organ architecture.
  • Conventional bioprinting methods struggle with organoids susceptible to deformation, limiting their application in creating complex tissue structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel platform for controlled organoid manipulation and assembly.
  • To enable the precise spatial arrangement of organoids for generating advanced tissue constructs (assembloids).

Main Methods:

  • Development of the Spatially Patterned Organoid Transfer (SPOT) platform, utilizing iron-oxide nanoparticle-laden hydrogels and a magnetized 3D printer.
  • Encasing organoids with magnetic nanoparticles in cellulose nanofibers, serving as both a protective biomaterial and a shear-thinning, self-healing support hydrogel.
  • Utilizing the SPOT platform for the controlled lifting, transport, and deposition of organoids to form assembloids.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of the SPOT platform's capability for precise organoid positioning and transfer.
  • Successful creation of assembloids by arranging human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural organoids and patient-derived glioma organoids.
  • Validation of the SPOT platform's potential in recapitulating developmental processes and disease models.

Conclusions:

  • The SPOT platform offers a powerful new tool for advanced tissue biofabrication.
  • This technology facilitates the construction of complex assembloids with high spatial accuracy.
  • SPOT holds significant promise for applications in developmental biology, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine.