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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Nutritional biochemistry
  • Inflammation research

Background:

  • Eccentric exercise induces muscle damage, soreness, and inflammation.
  • Blueberries are rich in phenolics, including anthocyanins, with potential anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Oxylipins are signaling molecules derived from fatty acids that regulate inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if 18 days of blueberry supplementation mitigates muscle soreness and damage after eccentric exercise.
  • To investigate the effect of blueberry supplementation on inflammation resolution markers, specifically oxylipins.
  • To assess the impact of blueberries on exercise performance and recovery in untrained adults.

Main Methods:

  • 49 untrained adults (18-50 years) received daily blueberry (BL) or placebo (PL) for 18 days.
  • Participants completed a 90-min eccentric exercise bout.
  • Muscle soreness, damage, performance, and plasma oxylipins were measured.
  • Urine levels of blueberry gut-derived phenolics were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Blueberry supplementation increased gut-derived phenolic metabolites in urine.
  • While exercise caused soreness and damage, no significant differences were observed between BL and PL groups for these outcomes or performance.
  • Blueberry intake reduced pro-inflammatory linoleic acid metabolites (diHOMEs) and increased anti-inflammatory DHA- and EPA-derived oxylipins (HDoHEs, HEPE).
  • Positive correlations were found between specific oxylipins and urinary blueberry metabolites.

Conclusions:

  • 18 days of daily blueberry intake (1 cup equivalent) reduced pro-inflammatory oxylipins post-exercise.
  • Blueberry supplementation sustained elevations in anti-inflammatory oxylipins derived from DHA and EPA.
  • Blueberries may support inflammation resolution following unaccustomed eccentric exercise in untrained individuals.