3D bioprinting strategy for engineering vascularized tissue models.

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Regenerative Medicine
• Tissue Engineering

Background:

• Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is crucial for developing living tissue constructs and biomedical devices.
• 3D *in vitro* tissue models offer advanced alternatives to traditional cell cultures and animal models for studying human physiology and disease.
• Vascularization remains a significant challenge for the survival and maturation of engineered tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advanced 3D bioprinting strategies for developing vascularized tissue models.
• To highlight key elements for engineering functional vasculature in 3D-bioprinted constructs.
• To discuss recent achievements and future directions in 3D bioprinting for vascularized *in vitro* models.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on 3D bioprinting strategies for vascularization.
• Analysis of techniques for spatial patterning of vascular precursors.
• Examination of methods for creating perfusable vascular structures in engineered tissues.

Main Results:

• 3D bioprinting enables the creation of reproducible, vascularized tissue models with high similarity to native tissues.
• Engineered vascular networks improve structural maturation and tissue-specific functionality.
• Various bioprinting strategies effectively address the challenge of vascularizing *in vitro* tissue models.

Conclusions:

• 3D bioprinting is a powerful tool for engineering vascularized tissue models.
• Addressing vascularization is key to advancing *in vitro* models for translational applications.
• Continued research in 3D bioprinting holds significant promise for regenerative medicine and drug discovery.