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Congenital Echovirus 11 Infection in a Neonate
Tomohiro Hirade1, Yasuhiro Abe1, Satoko Ito2
1From the Department of Pediatrics, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Shimane, Japan.
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|July 31, 2023
Summary
Congenital echovirus 11 infection can cause severe, life-threatening illness in neonates, leading to liver and adrenal damage. Early diagnosis and understanding maternal antibodies are crucial for prognosis in these critical cases.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal infectious diseases
- Virology
- Maternal-fetal medicine
Background:
- Enterovirus infections pose a significant threat to neonates, often presenting as severe, rapidly progressing illness.
- Echovirus 11 (EV-11) is particularly associated with fulminant hepatic necrosis and coagulopathy in newborns.
- Congenital enterovirus infections can manifest at birth or within days, with outcomes influenced by viral serotype and maternal immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe a fatal case of congenital echovirus 11 infection in a neonate.
- To highlight the severe clinical presentation and pathological findings associated with EV-11.
- To underscore the importance of serotype and maternal antibody status in neonatal enterovirus prognosis.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a neonate with confirmed congenital echovirus 11 infection.
- Clinical data review, including presentation, laboratory findings, and autopsy results.
- Literature review on echovirus 11 and neonatal enterovirus infections.
Main Results:
- The neonate presented with fulminant illness shortly after birth.
- Autopsy revealed severe hepatic necrosis and adrenal hemorrhagic necrosis.
- The infection was attributed to echovirus 11, with implications for prognosis based on serotype and maternal antibodies.
Conclusions:
- Congenital echovirus 11 infection can lead to a fatal outcome in neonates.
- Hepatic and adrenal necrosis are key pathological findings.
- Prognosis is critically dependent on the enterovirus serotype and the presence or absence of specific maternal antibodies.
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