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Retinal Manifestations in High Altitude.

Meenu Dangi1, Arnab Sadhukhan2, Poninder Kumar1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Command Hospital Western Command, Chandimandir, India.

High Altitude Medicine & Biology
|August 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary

High altitude retinopathy and vascular occlusions are risks for security personnel due to hypobaric hypoxia. Increased hematocrit and hyperhomocysteinemia contribute to these conditions.

Keywords:
high altitudehyperhomocysteinemiaretinal diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Altitude Medicine
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • High altitude environments pose unique physiological challenges.
  • Retinal manifestations can occur due to these environmental stressors.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for personnel health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate high altitude (HA)-related retinal manifestations.
  • To characterize the mechanisms of retinopathy in security personnel.
  • To offer insights into ocular health at high altitudes.

Main Methods:

  • A multicentric, prospective observational study.
  • 54 security personnel from high altitude areas were studied over 1 year.
  • Coagulation profiles were assessed in cases of vascular occlusion.

Main Results:

  • 28 out of 54 patients exhibited high altitude retinopathy.
  • Diagnoses included various retinal vascular occlusions, central serous chorioretinopathy, and others.
  • Elevated hematocrit and hyperhomocysteinemia were noted in vascular occlusions.

Conclusions:

  • Hypobaric hypoxia at high altitudes increases the risk of retinopathy and vascular occlusions.
  • Increased hematocrit and hyperhomocysteinemia are potential contributing factors.
  • Further research into preventative measures and treatments is warranted.