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Stem cell therapy for acute myocardial infarction: Mesenchymal Stem Cells and induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Diana Clavellina1, Wayne Balkan1,2, Joshua M Hare1,2

  • 1Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
|August 5, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Mesenchymal stem cells show promise for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treatment, but improving their survival and engraftment is key. Integrating new technologies and well-designed trials will advance cell-based therapies for AMI patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Therapy

Background:

  • Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of mortality, with limited regenerative capacity in heart muscle.
  • Current treatments do not address cardiomyocyte regeneration or scar tissue contractility post-AMI.
  • Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) offer therapeutic potential due to low antigenicity and demonstrated safety, despite survival challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances, limitations, and prospects of cell-based therapies for AMI.
  • To emphasize the need for standardized trials and a bench-to-bedside approach.
  • To explore the integration of emerging technologies for optimizing cardiac repair.

Main Methods:

  • Critical evaluation of fundamental studies on cell-based therapy for AMI.
  • Comprehensive review of existing clinical trials for cell-based AMI treatment.
  • Analysis of challenges, including low cell survival and engraftment rates.

Main Results:

  • MSCs demonstrate ongoing potential for treating AMI and its consequences.
  • Low survival and engraftment rates of MSCs remain significant hurdles for clinical success.
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and other emerging technologies show promise for cardiac repair.

Conclusions:

  • Improving MSC survival and engraftment is critical for effective AMI treatment.
  • Integrating advanced stem cell technologies and well-designed trials is essential.
  • Collaborative efforts are vital to developing robust stem cell therapies for AMI patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute myocardial infarctioncardiac repaircell-based therapyexosomesinduced pluripotent stem cellsmesenchymal stem cellsprecision medicine

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