Donor-derived infections in solid organ transplant recipients

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Transplantation Immunology
• Public Health

Background:

• Donor-derived infections (DDIs) pose an unavoidable risk in transplantation.
• Emerging infectious diseases, such as COVID-19 and Monkeypox, present evolving challenges for donor screening.
• Traditional screening methods may not adequately address all potential DDIs, including neglected endemic infections.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes recent literature on DDIs, focusing on emerging threats and diagnostic advancements.
• It emphasizes the importance of a systematic approach to donor evaluation and risk mitigation.
• The review highlights the role of molecular diagnostics in identifying pathogens like mollicutes and fungi.

Key Points:

• Vigilance and continuous education on emerging infections are paramount for clinicians.
• Screening protocols must adapt to changing infectious disease epidemiology and new diagnostic tools.
• Testing for endemic infections like strongyloidiasis and HTLV-I/II is essential for deceased donors.
• Molecular diagnostics have enhanced the detection of mollicutes and fungi as causes of DDIs.

Conclusions:

• Effective DDI prevention relies on comprehensive donor screening, early detection, and prompt management.
• Adapting screening strategies to include novel and endemic pathogens is critical.
• Ongoing research and updated guidelines are necessary to combat the evolving landscape of DDIs.