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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology
  • Endoscopy

Background:

  • Microscopic colitis (MC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease causing non-bloody diarrhea.
  • It accounts for 10-20% of unexplained chronic diarrhea cases.
  • Diagnosis relies on clinical symptoms, normal endoscopic findings, and specific histological features.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update recommendations for diagnosing microscopic colitis.
  • To emphasize the collaborative roles of gastroenterologists, endoscopists, and pathologists.
  • To provide brief treatment guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic criteria for microscopic colitis.
  • Emphasis on colonoscopy with biopsies from multiple colonic segments.
  • Utilization of objective histological assessment by pathologists.

Main Results:

  • Effective communication among specialists is vital for accurate MC diagnosis.
  • Colonoscopy with biopsies is recommended for all patients with chronic watery diarrhea, irrespective of alarm symptoms.
  • Pathologists should apply defined histological criteria for diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Diagnosis of microscopic colitis requires a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Standardized biopsy protocols and histological evaluation are essential.
  • Further recommendations on treatment are briefly outlined.