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Related Concept Videos

Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response01:29

Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response

108
Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
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Manipulation and Analysis01:21

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GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
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Introduction to GIS01:28

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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are tools for storing, analyzing, and displaying spatial data alongside related attributes. Unlike traditional information systems that address general queries, GIS incorporates spatial components, enabling users to answer "where" and "how far." For example, GIS can process housing data linked to geographic locations like zip codes, allowing insights into population density or housing distribution through thematic maps.GIS integrates technologies such as...
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Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS01:17

Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS

70
The alignment of a road line using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a critical process in civil engineering, combining advanced technology with practical decision-making. This methodology begins with the collection of geospatial data, including information on land cover, geomorphology, drainage patterns, slope, and contour details. Such data is typically acquired through satellite imagery and GIS tools, offering a comprehensive understanding of the terrain.Once the data is gathered, it...
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Thematic Layering in GIS01:30

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57
In the past, planning projects such as schools or public facilities required extensive manual effort to gather and compile data. Information such as property boundaries, soil characteristics, road networks, zoning regulations, and flood zones had to be sourced individually from courthouses, utility providers, and registry offices. Assembling these datasets into a coherent format often took several months, delaying project timelines.The introduction of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)...
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Updated: Jul 19, 2025

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Geospatial Assessment to Improve Time to Treatment (GAITT).

Matthew M McDonough1, Patrick J Benoit2, Molly P Jarman3

  • 1School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|August 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (WRNMMC) to Maryland's trauma system could improve timely access to care for more people. This geographic information system (GIS) analysis shows benefits across various times and demographics.

Keywords:
GISHealth policyMilitary traumaTraumaTrauma accessTrauma system

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma system optimization
  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in healthcare
  • Emergency medical services accessibility

Background:

  • Trauma systems aim to reduce time to treatment for better patient outcomes.
  • Existing Maryland trauma system relies on Johns Hopkins Suburban Hospital and University of Maryland Capital Region Medical Center.
  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS) offer a method to analyze and optimize emergency service coverage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential impact of including Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (WRNMMC) in the Maryland trauma system.
  • To simulate changes in timely trauma access coverage using GIS.
  • To identify population groups that would benefit from expanded trauma system access.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ArcGIS Online to create and analyze catchment areas for trauma centers.
  • Simulated 5- to 60-minute response times under various daily and weekly traffic conditions.
  • Enriched spatial data with demographic and socioeconomic variables to assess population coverage.

Main Results:

  • Inclusion of WRNMMC demonstrated increased mean population coverage, particularly within 0-15 minutes of access.
  • Coverage improvements were consistent across different times of day and days of the week.
  • All socioeconomic and diversity subgroups experienced gains in timely trauma access.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating WRNMMC into the Maryland trauma system is projected to enhance population coverage for time-sensitive trauma care.
  • WRNMMC could offer continuous or adaptable coverage, potentially mitigating issues like traffic congestion or diversion status at civilian hospitals.