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Boosting Titanium Surfaces with Positive Charges: Newly Developed Cationic Coating Combines Anticorrosive and
João Pedro Dos S Silva1, Raphael C Costa1, Bruna E Nagay1
1Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|August 10, 2023
Summary
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) pretreatment enhances titanium (Ti) surfaces for improved osseointegration and corrosion resistance. This novel approach creates bactericidal cationic coatings, reducing implant failure risks.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Surface Engineering
- Dental Implantology
Background:
- Peri-implant diseases and poor osseointegration are major causes of dental implant failure.
- Biofilm accumulation and corrosive metallic ions contribute to implant failure.
- Cationic coatings show potential for pathogen killing and corrosion resistance but lack favorable topography for osseointegration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) as a pretreatment for titanium (Ti) surfaces.
- To develop bactericidal and corrosion-resistant cationic coatings with improved osseointegration properties.
- To compare PEO pretreatment with traditional hydrothermal treatment (HT) for Ti surface modification.
Main Methods:
- Titanium (Ti) surfaces were pretreated using PEO or HT to introduce hydroxyl (-OH) groups.
- Silanization was performed using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to create cationic coatings.
- Surface characterization included Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and assessment of mechanical, tribological, corrosion, and biological properties.
Main Results:
- PEO created a porous Ti surface with increased roughness, superior mechanical and tribological properties compared to HT and untreated Ti.
- Both PEO and HT increased surface wettability, confirmed by -OH group introduction; silanization resulted in hydrophobic surfaces with amine functional groups.
- The PEO+APTES group exhibited enhanced corrosion resistance and effectively killed *Streptococcus aureus* and *Escherichia coli*, with non-cytotoxic properties and similar protein adsorption to Ti.
Conclusions:
- PEO is a promising pretreatment for Ti surfaces, yielding a tailorable porous oxide coating.
- PEO-based cationic coatings demonstrate potential for enhanced antibacterial and corrosion resistance properties.
- This approach offers a pathway for developing next-generation dental and biomedical implants with improved osseointegration and reduced failure rates.
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