Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Isolation and Adoptive Transfer of High Salt Treated Antigen-presenting Dendritic Cells
Published on: March 5, 2019
Sodium Homeostasis and Hypertension
KoKo Aung1, Sarah Ream-Winnick2, Mariela Lane3
1Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Dr, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA. koko.aung@ttuhsc.edu.
Purpose Of Review:
This review aims to summarize and discuss the relationship between sodium homeostasis and hypertension, including emerging concepts of factors outside cardiovascular and renal systems influencing sodium homeostasis and hypertension.
Recent Findings:
Recent studies support the dose-response association between higher sodium and lower potassium intakes and a higher cardiovascular risk in addition to the dose-response relationship between sodium restriction and blood pressure lowering. The growing body of evidence suggests the role of genetic determinants, immune system, and gut microbiota in sodium homeostasis and hypertension. Although higher sodium and lower potassium intakes increase cardiovascular risk, salt restriction is beneficial only to a certain limit. The immune system contributes to hypertension through pro-inflammatory effects. Sodium can affect the gut microbiome and induce pro-inflammatory and immune responses that contribute to salt-sensitive hypertension.
More Related Videos
07:51Mesenteric Artery Contraction and Relaxation Studies Using Automated Wire Myography
Published on: September 22, 2011
08:08Two-photon Imaging of Intracellular Ca2+ Handling and Nitric Oxide Production in Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells of an Isolated Rat Aorta
Published on: June 10, 2015
Related Concept Videos
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure
Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
Regulation of Sodium and Potassium
Sodium Regulation
Sodium ions make up approximately 90% of extracellular cations, with a normal blood plasma concentration of 136–148 mEq/L. A decrease in blood volume and pressure triggers the release of renin from granular cells in the juxtaglomerular complex (JGC), primarily...
Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Diuretics