[Advanced monitoring during weaning of invasive mechanical ventilation in single-lung transplantation]

Bilateral lung transplantation is the treatment of end-stage lung diseases. However, sometimes a single lung transplant is performed. The technique is not exempt from complications such as acute hyperinflation of the native lung and changes in the diaphragm, predisposing to atelectasis and respiratory failure that can lead to negative results. Therefore, spontaneous breathing trials may fail and delay the weaning process. The combination of advanced monitoring tools, such as electrical impedance tomography and ultrasonography, to diagnose the cause of this failure, recognizing and quantifying the distribution of lung volume and its dynamic behavior could be crucial to improve outcomes. We present the case of a patient with a one-lung transplant and prolonged mechanical ventilation who, after presenting successive failures in the weaning process, underwent advanced monitoring in order to find the causes of the failure.