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An Unexpected Turn of Events in a Patient With Mitral Valve Endocarditis

Chelsea-Jane Arcalas1, Richard Artola1, Megan E Hanna2

  • 1College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.

Cureus
|August 21, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Daptomycin treats gram-positive infections but can cause rare Daptomycin-induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia (DEP). Prompt recognition of DEP symptoms like cough and fever is crucial for patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Daptomycin is an antibiotic effective against gram-positive bacterial infections.
  • Daptomycin-induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia (DEP) is a rare but serious adverse drug reaction.
  • Non-specific symptoms of DEP include dyspnea, dry cough, and fever, complicating early diagnosis.

Observation:

  • A 69-year-old female patient was admitted for a prosthetic joint infection.
  • The patient's clinical course was complicated by the development of Daptomycin-induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia.
  • This case highlights a known but uncommon complication of daptomycin therapy.

Findings:

  • Daptomycin-induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia presented with typical nonspecific symptoms.
  • The patient's prosthetic joint infection required daptomycin treatment, leading to the adverse event.
  • Diagnostic criteria for DEP exist, emphasizing the need for clinical vigilance.

Implications:

  • Early identification and discontinuation of daptomycin are vital to prevent severe respiratory complications.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering drug-induced lung injury in patients on daptomycin.
  • Awareness of DEP is essential for clinicians managing gram-positive infections with daptomycin.
Keywords:
covid-19daptomycindaptomycin-induced acute eosinophilic pneumoniadaptomycin-related adverse effectprosthetic joint infection

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