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Spotlight on Lattice Degeneration Imaging Techniques.

Dmitrii S Maltsev1, Alexei N Kulikov1, Venera A Shaimova2,3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|August 22, 2023
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Summary

Lattice degeneration (LD) diagnosis is improved by advanced imaging techniques. Ultra-wide field imaging and peripheral optical coherence tomography (OCT) aid in understanding LD pathogenesis and associated risks.

Keywords:
choroidlattice degenerationmultimodal imagingoptical coherence tomographyoptical coherence tomography angiographyperipheral retinal degenerationretinal detachmentscanning laser ophthalmoscopyultra-wide field imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Imaging
  • Pathogenesis Research

Background:

  • Lattice degeneration (LD) is a common peripheral retinal finding.
  • Indirect ophthalmoscopy is the standard diagnostic method.
  • Understanding LD pathogenesis and associated risks is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current imaging techniques for diagnosing and understanding Lattice Degeneration.
  • To evaluate the role of new imaging modalities in LD diagnosis and pathogenesis.
  • To assess the risk of retinal detachment associated with LD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on imaging techniques for Lattice Degeneration.
  • Analysis of data from ultra-wide field imaging, wide-field imaging, and fundus autofluorescence.
  • Evaluation of peripheral structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography.
  • Assessment of scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in retro-mode.

Main Results:

  • Ultra-wide field imaging offers reliable primary diagnosis and screening for LD.
  • Peripheral OCT and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy clarify vitreoretinal interface status and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment risks.
  • OCT and OCT angiography reveal choroidal thinning, altered microcirculation, and scleral involvement in severe LD.
  • OCT angiography confirms loss of retinal microcirculation within LD lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Despite simple initial diagnosis, peripheral localization challenges LD imaging.
  • New strategies like ultra-wide field imaging, peripheral OCT, and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy enable routine LD imaging.
  • These advancements improve LD diagnosis and deepen the understanding of its pathogenesis.