Trichoderols B-G, Six New Lipids from the Marine Algicolous Fungus Trichoderma sp. Z43

Six new lipids, trichoderols B-G (1-6), along with a known one, triharzianin B (7), were isolated from the culture of Trichoderma sp. Z43 obtained from the surface of the marine brown alga Dictyopteris divaricata. Their structures and relative configurations were identified by interpretation of 1D/2D NMR and MS data. Compounds 1-7 were assayed for inhibiting the growth of three phytopathogenic fungi (Fusarium graminearum, Gaeumannomyces graminis, and Glomerella cingulata), four marine phytoplankton species (Amphidinium carterae, Heterocapsa circularisquama, Heterosigma akashiwo, and Prorocentrum donghaiense), and one marine zooplankton (Artemia salina). Compounds 1, 4, and 7 exhibited weak antifungal activities against three phytopathogenic fungi tested with MIC ≥ 64 μg/mL. All compounds displayed moderate antimicroalgal activity with IC₅₀ ≥ 15 μg/mL and low toxicity to the brine shrimp Artemia salina.